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The non-nutritional effects of butyric acid on human intestinal epithelial cells were characterized by integration of biological assays and 2-dimensional gel-based proteomics for characterization of cellular protein expression. Human colonic adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells were cultured with sodium butyrate (NaB), foetal calf serum (fast-growing cells) or basal medium alone (control cells). Biological assays showed that butyric acid decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Principal component analysis of proteomic results showed that protein expression in NaB-treated cells was different from both control and fast-growing cells. Significantly different expressed proteins were characterized by mass spectrometry.

Integrated proteomics and biological assays for characterization of non-nutritional effects of butyric acid on intestinal cells