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Prebiotics are dietary components resistant to digestion in the small intestine which are selectively fermented by the microbiota, mainly in the large intestine. They are expected to provide health promoting properties (Roberfroid et al., 2010) being a substrate for potentially beneficial endogenous gut microbiota (e.g., Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp.) residing in the hindgut, but not to the potentially pathogenic bacteria such as toxin producing Clostridium spp., proteolytic Bacteroides and toxigenic Escherichia coli (Samal and Behura, 2015). Among wildly known prebiotics, inulin-type fructans are the most commonly used. These carbohydrates are β-(2→1) linear fructans with a terminal ABSTRACT. In order to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.; JA) as prebiotic, 72 Wistar rats were allocated into 4 groups (JA-0, JA-2, JA-4 and JA-6) and fed for 12 weeks a basal diet supplemented with 0, 2, 4 and 6% of pulverized JA tubers. The JA addition did not affect the growth performance of animals and had no detrimental effect on feed intake, however fibre digestibility was improved (linear, P = 0.003) whereas dry matter and organic matter digestibility (linear, P = 0.012 and 0.001, respectively) were decreased. Apparent digestibility of calcium and phosphorus was increased (quadratic, P = 0.002 and 0.005, respectively) in rats fed diets with JA supplementation. The JA addition into diets significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased the populations of beneficial Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. microbiota in the caecal, colonic and rectal digesta. Acetic acid (linear, P = 0.019), propionic acid (linear, P = 0.008) and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA; linear, P = 0.007) concentrations were elevated as the level of JA in the diet increased. Lactic acid content was increased (quadratic, P = 0.009) whereas pH (linear, P = 0.024 and quadratic, P = 0.047) and ammonia concentration (linear, P < 0.001) were reduced in faeces due to JA supplementation. In conclusion, feeding diets supplemented with JA tuber powder beneficially augments fibre utilization along with better apparent absorption of calcium and phosphorus and positive shift in large intestinal microbiota populations and SCFA concentrations. Received: 13 February 2016 Revised: 30 September 2016 Accepted: 7 March 2017

journal of animal and feed sciences

Effects of dietary supplementation with Jerusalem artichoke (<i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L.) tubers on growth performance, nutrient digestibility as well as activity and composition of large intestinal microbiota in rats

Effects of dietary supplementation with Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers on growth performance, nutrient digestibility as well as activity and composition of large intestinal microbiota in rats