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Restrictions on the use of antibiotic growth promoters in animal feeding have prompted scientists to look for other additives that stimulate immunity and improve health status and growth performance. Apart from probiotics and prebiotics, organic acids, herbal preparations, and fermented products can also exert such a beneficial effect (Nava et al., 2009). It is known that fermented feed enhances production of circulating immunoglobulins (Ig), and also increases intestinal immunity (Gao et al., 2009). Moreover, fermented diet affects not only humoral response (Ig contents, lysozyme activity, cytokine production) but also cell-mediated immunity (Zhang et al., 2007). A decrease in heterophils:lymphocytes ratio observed in chickens fed diets with fermented products suggests that such a diet may alleviate oxidative stress which could lead to suppression of immune response (Sugiharto and Ranjitkar, 2019). Owing to the presence of probiotic bacteria in fermented feed, their quantity in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is increased (Wang et al., 2012). Organic acids, their product – bacteriocins, and reduced gut pH create an unfavourable environment for the growth of certain enteropathogens in broilers: coliform bacteria (Missotten et al., 2013), Salmonella and Campylobacter (Heres et al., 2003; 2004). Modulation of intestinal microbiota using fermented feeds positively influences gut morphology, causing an increase in villus height and in villus height:crypt depth ratio (VH:CD) in the jejunum and ileum of chickens ABSTRACT. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal (SM) with 3 or 6% of fermented soybean meal (FSM) on growth performance, gut microbiota, intestinal histology and immunity of chickens. In the study one-day-old male Ross 308 chickens raised to the age of 40 days were used. The experiment was carried out on 600 animals assigned to three experimental groups of 200 birds each (10 replications of 20 individuals each). In the control group (C), SM was the main source of dietary protein, whereas the chickens from FSM-3% and FSM-6% groups were fed diets in which SM was partially replaced with FSM at a dose of 3 and 6%, respectively. It was shown that partial replacement of SM with FSM (both 3 and 6%) improved the chicken growth performance and dressing percentage, and modulated the immune system. However, the introduction of a 6% dose of FSM was found to better improve the morphology of intestines (reflected by increased villi length and crypts depth) than a 3% FSM dose. It also contributed to a decrease in total number of fungi and coliforms in the jejunum. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded, that it is better to use a 6% share of FSM in chicken feed, than a 3% share. Received: 3 April 2019 Revised: 24 June 2019 Accepted: 31 July 2019

The effect of partial replacement of soybean meal with fermented soybean meal on chicken performance and immune status