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Energy-frontier Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) can be realised at CERN through an energy recovery linac (ERL) that would produce 60 GeV electrons to collide with the High Luminosity (HL)-Large Hadron Collider (LHC) or, eventually, with the High Energy (HE)-LHC or the Future Circular Collider (FCC) hadron beams. It would deliver lepton-proton (nucleus) collisions with centre of mass energies in the range 0.8-3.5 TeV per nucleon, and luminosities exceeding 1034 (5×10^32) cm^−2s^−1 in electron-proton (electron-lead ion) beam operation. Such machine would provide a huge physics program, with the highest resolution microscope for hadron structure, rich Higgs, top and precision Electro-Weak (EW) physics, large possibilities for Beyond Standard Model (BSM) searches, and a unique top-energy nuclear physics facility with eventual access to a new regime of QCD at high partonic densities. All these aspects have strong complementarities with the respective, concurrent pp and AA programs. In this paper we review the LHeC, HE-LHeC and FCC-eh proposals at CERN, with emphasis on the accelerator and infrastructure aspects. We also review the project of an ERL demonstrator, PERLE, under consideration to be built at LAL Orsay.

Energy frontier DIS at CERN: the LHeC and the FCC-eh, PERLE