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The upgrade of the LHC will bring instantaneous and total luminosities which are a factor 5--7 beyond the original design of $10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ for the ATLAS Liquid Argon (LAr) and Tile Calorimeters and their readout systems. Due to radiation requirements and a new hardware trigger concept, the readout electronics will be improved in two phases. In Phase-I, dedicated electronics of the LAr Calorimeters trigger readout will provide finer granularity input to the trigger, in order to mitigate pile-up effects and to reduce the background rates. In Phase-II, completely new readout electronics will allow a digital processing of all LAr and Tile Calorimeter channels at the full 40 MHz bunch-crossing frequency and a transfer of calibrated energy inputs to the trigger. Results from system design and performance of the developed readout components, including fully functioning demonstrator systems already operated on the detector, will be reported. A high-granularity replacement of the current Forward Calorimeter (FCal) is proposed, improving on reconstruction of jets and missing energy in the presence of pile-up. The corresponding R&D and expected performance results will be presented. Another upgrade project that is under consideration is a high-granularity timing-device in front of the end-cap/forward calorimeters to help particle identification and pile-up mitigation. The R&D work on this project will be also presented.

Upgrade of the ATLAS Calorimeters for Higher LHC Luminosities