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The extreme properties shown by supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies (active galactic nuclei; AGN) make them obvious candidates for producing Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs), the most energetic particles known in the Universe. AGN can exhibit outflows in the form of powerful, collimated jets of particles, accelerated in some cases close to the speed of light. Although AGN jets dimension and magnetic field could in principle accelerate particles to extreme energies, it is not easy to develop a model which describes an efficient acceleration mechanism. Different solutions have been proposed, but they need further investigation from both observational and theoretical point of view: in fact, two pieces of astrophysical understanding would need revision, namely the parameters (size and magnetic fields) in jets of AGN, and the strength of the magnetic field in the local region of the Universe. The capabilities offered by the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) in improving current measures of the jet physical parameters will permit a better characterization of the magnetic field strength ,and its structure within the jet itself. This will be crucial to refine our estimations for the key parameters of the nearby γ-ray AGN, which are to date the best candidate sources of UHECRs.

Extragalactic jets in the SKA era: solving the mystery of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays?