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The Antikythera Mechanism is an ancient greek analogue astronomical computer. Using a handle, probably similar to a doorknob, the user could insert an input date on a dial in its front side. The calculations were made using a set of gears (at least 30), and the results were displayed on several scientific scales. It was used to calculate the diurnal and annual motion of the Sun, the Moon and (most probably) the planets among the stars. It put into practice the astronomical knowledge of ancient Greeks about the motion of these objects with astonishing accuracy, including eccentric gearing for the anomalous orbit of the Moon (first lunar anomaly). It could also predict eclipses of the Sun and the Moon from the Saros period, which has been found in one of its back scales. It calculated the dates of the Olympic Games (and the other major crown games that took place in ancient Greece). Finally it was equipped with extended Dorian inscriptions, often quoted as User’s Manual. Its complexity and multiple functions indicate that it was not used for a single purpose. I strongly believe that its main use was for educational purposes. The Antikythera Mechanism was as important for the development of Technology, as the Parthenon for the development of Architecture. Taking into account the theoretical and technological knowledge required for the construction of the Mechanism, it can easily be ranked among the Wonders of the Ancient World.

The Antikythera Mechanism: From the bottom of the sea to the scrutiny of modern technology