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We present a physical model for the coevolution of massive spheroidal galaxies and active nuclei at their centers. Supernova heating is increasingly effective in slowing down the star formation and in driving gas outflows in smaller and smaller dark matter halos. Thus the more massive protogalaxies virializing at early times are the sites of faster star formation. In the central galactic regions the correspondingly higher radiation drag due to starlight acts on the cold gas, further decreasing its angular momentum and causing an inflow towards the central BH, increasing its mass and powering the nuclear activity. In turn, the feedbacks from SN explosions and in particular from the active nucleus regulate the star formation rate and the gas inflow, and eventually unbind the residual gas, thus halting both the star formation and the BH growth, in a time shorter for larger halos. The model accounts for a broad variety of dynamical, photometric and metallicity properties of early-type galaxies, for the local supermassive black-hole mass function and for the relation between the MBH and σ, as well as an even tighter correspondence between MBH and the mass in stars.

A physical model for formation and evolution of QSOs and of their spheroidal hosts