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The forage cropping systems can be improved with the inclusion of high nutritional quality alternative species. Theobjective of the study was to evaluate the forage potential and water productivity (WP) of forage cropping patternswhich included canola (Brassica napus L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) as alternative crops.The alternative cropping patterns corn-corn-canola, sorghum-sorghum-canola, corn-corn-pea and soybean-corn-oatwere compared with the conventional patterns alfalfa, corn-oat and corn-corn-oat. The study was conducted fromApril of 2009 to April of 2011 in Matamoros, Coahuila, Mexico. Forage chemical composition, dry matter (DM) andnutrient yields, and WP values for DM, crude protein (CP) and net energy for lactation (NEL) production weredetermined. The incorporation of canola into cropping patterns with corn and sorghum sown in spring and summerseasons increased CP yield (34.4 %) and WP (33.3 %) for CP production, without yield decreases in DM and NEL,as compared to the conventional cropping pattern corn-corn-oat. The cropping patterns that included canola producedhigher DM and NEL yields, using 83 % of alfalfa water requirement, however they had a 19 to 25 % reduction inCP yield. In the cropping pattern soybean-corn-oat, yields and WP of CP were increased, but it produced lower DMand NEL yields. In the cropping patterns corn-corn-pea and corn-corn-oat, yields and WP for DM and nutrientsproduction were similar. The results indicate that canola incorporation into forage cropping patterns increases WP.

Forage potential and water productivity in alternativecropping patterns