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Auxin affects the growth and development of in vitro plantlets including root induction. An experiment was conducted to determine the combination and concentration of auxin for rooting of oil palm plantlets in liquid medium. Unrooted plantlets of oil palm MK 649 clone with height 6 – 7 cm and 2 – 3 leaves were used as material source. The plantlets were cultured in de Fossard liquid medium. The treatments used were combinations of NAA and IBA at 0, 5, 10 and 20 μM. The results show that 10 μM NAA combined with 20 μM IBA gave the highest percentage of rooting of oil palm plantlets (73.3%) in 10 weeks. NAA and IBA concentration influenced significantly rooting percentage and root quality and there was a significant interaction between the two auxins. Root initiation response of oil palm plantlets to NAA was higher than to IBA. The best of oil palm root class which indicates root quality was obtained in a medium with 10 μM NAA + 20 μM IBA. The aerial parts of the plantlets grew well in term of shoot height, leaf number and shoot diameter especially in a medium with 10 μM NAA + 20 μM IBA. Abstrak Auksin berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan planlet in vitro, termasuk terhadap induksi akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kombinasi dan konsentrasi auksin yang tepat dalam pembentukan akar planlet kelapa sawit in vitro dalam medium cair. Bahan yang digunakan berupa planlet kelapa sawit klon MK 649 tanpa akar dengan tinggi 6 – 7 cm dan jumlah daun 2 – 3 helai. Planlet dikulturkan dalam medium de Fossard cair. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah kombinasi NAA dan IBA dengan konsentrasi 0, 5, 10 dan 20 μM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan NAA 10 μM dikombinasikan dengan IBA 20 μM menghasilkan persentase pembentukan akar planlet kelapa sawit tertinggi yaitu 73,3% dalam waktu 10 minggu. Konsentrasi NAA dan IBA secara nyata mempengaruhi persentase pembentukan dan kualitas akar serta terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara kedua perlakuan auksin. Respons induksi akar kelapa sawit terhadap NAA lebih tinggi daripada IBA. Kelas akar planlet kelapa sawit terbaik yang menunjukkan kualitas perakaran, juga diperoleh pada NAA 10 μM dan IBA 20 μM. Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan organ bagian atas yang meliputi tinggi tunas, jumlah daun dan diameter tunas menunjukkan peningkatan yang cukup baik terutama pada perlakuan NAA 10 μM + IBA 20 μM.

Pembentukan akar in vitro planlet kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) dalam medium cair dengan penambahan auksin In vitro rooting of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantlets in a liquid medium supplemented with auxins