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Summary Studies on the mechanism of the higher P uptake of oil palm seedling colonized with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi through solubilizing of fixed P by organic acid or hydrolysis of organic P by phosphatase activity have not been reported yet. This experiment was aimed to examine the phosphatase activity and production of organic acids in rhizosphere and hyphosphere, mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal oil palm seedling. Oil palm seedling were grown for 26 weeks in sterilized Cikopomayak acid soil in 20.5 cm diameter pots with three compart- ments, a central one for root growth (rhizosphere) and two adjacent on both side next to the root compartment for hyphal growth (hyphosphere). Compartmentation was accom- plished by a 0.25 mm stainless steel filter. All compartment received a uniform concentration of phosphorus (300 P mg kg -1 soil) either in organic (Na-phytate) or inorganic NH 4 HPO 4 form. Acaulospora tuberculata inoculum was establish- ed in pot culture using Pueraria phaseoloides as a host, while Gigaspora margarita was propagated using maize as a host. AM fungal inoculum applied as mixed propagules in optimum dosage. The experiment was conducted to asses nine treatments combination between AM inoculation (without, A. tuberculata, and G. margarita) and sources of P (without P, inorganic P NH 4 HPO 4 , and organic P Na phytate). Factorial in complete randomized design with two factors and three replications was used in this research. In the hyphal compartment acid phosphatase activity was much higher than alkaline phosphatase activity, while in the rhizosphere alkaline phosphatase activity was higher compared to acid phosphatase activity. Acid phosphatase activity in rhizosphere of oil palm seedlings inoculated with A. tuberculata was significantly higher compared to uninoculated seedlings. However, both acid phosphatase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity were slightly enhanced by mycorrhizal inoculation. In contrast, organic acid production between inoculated seedling and uninoculated seedling was not significantly different. It seems that AM fungal symbiosis with oil palm enhance mineralization of organic P in spite of solubilization of inorganic P. Ringkasan Mekanisme peningkatan pertumbuhan kelapa sawit bermikoriza khususnya yang disebabkan aktivitas pelarutan P anorganik yang terfiksasi melalui pelarutan oleh asam organik atau hidrolisis P organik oleh aktivitas fosfatase elum dilaporkan. Percobaan ini bertujuan menetapkan aktivitas fosfatase dan produksi asam organik di rhizosfer dan hifosfer, bibit kelapa sawit bermikoriza dan tidak bermikoriza. Kelapa sawit ditumbuhkan selama 26 minggu pada tanah masam Cikopomnayak steril pada pot ber- diameter 20,5 cm yang terbagi atas tiga daerah, ruang tengah untuk pertumbuhan akar (rhizosfer) dan dua daerah di sebelahnya untuk pertumbuhan hifa (hifosfer). Penyekatan pot menggunakan filter stainless steel berukuran lubang 0,25 mm. Semua daerah dipupuk P pada konsentrasi 300 P mg kg -1 tanah baik dalam bentuk organik (Na-phytate) maupun anorganik (NH 4 HPO 4 ) Inokulum CMA merupakan hasil perbanyakan dengan sistem kultur pot menggunakan inang Pueraria phaseoloides untuk Acaulospora tuberculata sedangkan untuk Gigaspora margarita menggunakan inang jagung. Inokulum CMA berupa propagul campuran pada dosis optimum. Percobaan dilakukan untuk menguji sembilan perlakuan yang merupakan kombinasi antara inokulasi CMA (tanpa, A. tuberculata, dan G. margarita) dan sumber P (tanpa P, anorganik P NH 4 HPO 4 , dan organik P Na phytate). Rancangan percobaan ialah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan tiga ulangan untuk masing-masing perlakuan. Di hifosfer aktivitas fosfatase asam lebih tinggi daripada fosfatase alkalin, sedangkan di rhizosfer aktivitas fosfatase alkalin lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan aktivitas fosfatase asam. Aktivitas fosfatase asam di rhizosfer bibit kelapa sawit yang diinokulasi A. tuberculata nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bibit yang tidak diinokulasi. Aktivitas fosfatase asam dan fosfatase alkalin sedikit lebih tinggi dengan inokulasi CMA. Sebaliknya, produksi asam organik antara bibit yang diinokulasi dan bibit yang tidak diinokulasi tidak berbeda nyata. Tampak bahwa simbiosis CMA dengan kelapa sawit lebih meningkatkan mineralisasi P organik dan kurang meningkatkan pelarutan P anorganik.

Aktivitas fosfatase dan produksi asam organik di rhizosfer dan hifosfer bibit kelapa sawit bermikoriza *) Phosphatase activity and organic acid production in rhizosphere and hyphosphere of mycorrhizal oil palm seedling