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A study about the effect of tree canopy opening in the regeneration layer of Sal (Shorea robusta) forest was investigated in four strata of forest viz. 0–25, 25–50, 50–75 and 75–100 percentage crown cover vegetation in Buddha-Shanti Collaborative Forest Management of Nawalparasi district, Nepal. Systematic sampling was carried out for regeneration survey in two sub-compartment of each 10 hectare, where in one sub-compartment was (C1S2) silviculturally managed where Irregular shelter wood system was adopted with regeneration felling and the other sub-compartment (C1S3) was undisturbed with no regeneration felling. The seedling density of Sal was found higher in the 0–25 and 25–50 percentage crown cover (22,167 ha -1 and 13,667 ha -1 ) respectively than 50–75 and 75–100 percentage crown cover area (11,667 ha -1 and 11,000 ha -1 ) respectively. Likewise, sapling density was also higher in the open canopy than dense or closed canopy. Crown cover percentage was found negatively correlated with regeneration density per hectare (ha) in Sal forest. Hence, the study concluded that open canopy favours regeneration; promotes seedling densit in Sal forests and regeneration layer of Sal is dependent on canopy opening or threshold light intensity for better growth and survival.

Effect of tree canopy opening in the regeneration layer of Terai Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn.) forest in Western Nepal: A case study