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Silver nanoparticles synthesized using plant metabolites provide an edge over chemically synthesized compounds due to their comparatively efficient antimicrobial activity. In the present study, AgNPs was prepared by bioreduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) using the aqueous extract of Cladonia rangiferina collected ≥3500 m in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand, western Himalaya. The formation of Ag NPs was indicated by yellow-brown color after 72 h. The AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM) analysis. Ag-NPs thus obtained were tested for antimicrobial activity against selected gram-negative (i.e. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneuomoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram-positive (i.e. Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis) bacterial strains employing BauerKirby’s disk diffusion assay using Gentamicin as positive control and distil water as negative control. The bioreduction of AgNO3 yielded stable spherical and rod-shaped Ag-NPs showing characteristic UV-Vis spectral band peak with specific color change. The FTIR showed the role of many functional groups of different organic lichen secondary metabolites in AgNPs fabrication and stabilization. The synthesized AgNPs showed enhanced activity to positive control (i.e. Gentamicin). The study highlighted that lichen AgNPs can be used as better antibacterial material.

tropical plant research

Biogenic fabrication, characterization, and assessment of antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles of a high altitude Himalayan lichen - Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg.