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In Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), it was reported a rare association in a patient, of two genetic diseases namely sickle cell anemia and diabetes which have a common denominator that is to make patients susceptible to infections. They constitute a serious public health problem in Africa. Given the difficult and limited management of these diseases, the use of Traditional Medicine and medicinal plants can be an effective alternative. The leaves of both Gymnanthemum coloratum and Terminalia ivorensis were collected in 2014 in Kinshasa city and Gbadolite city (Nord Ubangi province) respectively and were selected through chemotaxonomic approach. The bacterial strains used for assessing the antibacterial were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and mice for the antidiabetic activity. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of total polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, linked quinones, saponins, leucoanthocyanins, alkaloids and anthocyanins. The organic extracts of G. coloratum and T. ivorensis showed an antisickling activity. Only S. aureus was sensitive to the leaves of T. ivorensis (MIC < 62.5 μg.mL -1 ) and G. coloratum (MIC ≤ 250 μg.mL -1 ) while no effect was observed on E. coli. The mean values for glycemia in treated and untreated mice after 2 hours were 62±14.3 mg.dL -1 (Glibenclamide 20 mg.Kg -1 ) and 70.4±16.6 mg.dL -1 (ethyl acetate extract of T. ivorensis 500 mg.Kg -1 ). To our knowledge, it is for the first time that the antisickling activity of G. coloratum and T. ivorensis is reported thus validating the chemotaxonomic approach used as a criterion for selecting these two plants. It is also for the first time that anti-hyperglycaemic activity of T. ivorensis is reported.

tropical plant research

Pharmacological screening of Gymnanthemum coloratum (Willd.) H. Rob. &amp; B. Kahn (Compositae) and Terminalia ivorensisA. Chev. (Combretaceae) from DR Congo: Spotlight on the antisickling, antibacterial and anti-diabetic activities