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Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Addressing intra-abdominal adiposity should play a central role in future strategies aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with abdominal obesity and its associated cardiometabolic risk in Sudan. Our research is focusing on a particular gene called R-SPONDIN3, which is play a part in controlling fat distribution, cardiac growth through modulation of Wnt (Wnt/β-catenin signaling path way) signaling R-SPONDIN3 is essential for coronary artery formation in the developing heart. It is to find the amount of R-Spondin3 Gene expression in abdominal obesity and Susceptibility to Cardiovascular disease in Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State The study was including 300 participants (156 males and 144 females) classified into 3 groups. The first group was including 100 participants with abdominal obesity (obese), the second group was including 100 participants already diagnosed with CVD entangled with obesity (Heart Group as positive control group), while the third group was include 100 healthy lean volunteers (negative control group). All the participants their age group between 27 to 63 years old. BMI and WHR were taken for all subjects too. For detection the mutation in RSPO3 gene, Conventional PCR was done for control, obesity and heart subjects respectively and followed by Real Time PCR for all of them to measure the amount of gene expression. The findings of this study showed Conventional PCR results were significantly different (P <0.001) in Heart group subjects as compared to healthy controls and obese group. Among heart group mutation was detected in some subjects (19%) and the rest without mutation (81%) but in obese group no mutation was detected. Comparison between the different studied groups according to gene expression showed significant differences (P <0.001) mean value of gene expression in healthy group subjects was 1.0 ± 0.0, Obesity group was 2.44 ± 0.50 and heart group subjects was 4.54 ± 0.87 respectively. The amount of R-SPONDIN3 gene expression among the obese and CVD patients is show up significant different and the amount of gene expressing among the CVD patients is higher than obese which is suggested that the amount of gene expressed in obese patients with heart disease more than obese patients without cardiovascular complications

Relation of R-Spondin 3 Gene expression android obesity and Susceptibility to Cardiovascular disease in Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State.