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The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare simple and inexpensive treatment techniques to enhance digestion rates in septic tanks, improve effluent quality and maximise the pump-out interval. Four enzyme doses, three grinding cycles and microaeration were evaluated in batch reactor stabilisation tests, at two solids concentrations: 4.2% solids (undiluted primary sludge) and 2.1% solids (diluted primary sludge). After an initial solubilisation period, microaeration effectively degraded the soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD). Enzyme additions increased the COD and carbohydrates of the system, but resulted in high reaction rates. Grinding did not result in any appreciable changes relative to the control tests. The second phase tested two enzyme doses and two microaeration rates using five 40 L continuous flow reactors seeded with 8 L of primary sludge and fed a synthetic wastewater. The largest net reduction in COD was achieved through microaeration. Enzyme additions did not result in a significant improvement in the effluent COD relative to the control reactor.

Effect of enzyme additions, microaeration and grinding on septic tank performance and sludge accumulation rates