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This article identifies the main milestones in the mobilization of children with disabilities in Quebec and around the world. The paper is particularly interested in the emergence of a movement to defend the rights of disabled children on the international scene during the inter-war period, in which Canada, including Quebec, participated. Based on a body of varied sources, the study shows that a social conception of «crippled» childhood was mainly conveyed by the actors of this movement, without being free from medical influence. By emphasizing the socio-economic causes of disability, philanthropists discredit another discourse that places the burden of disability on individual factors. Our reading of this pioneering movement nuances the interpretation that a hegemonic medical hold would have weighed on young people with disabilities until the intensification of activism in the 1960s. The article distinguishes three periods of mobilization, without 2019 Canadian Journal of Children’s Rights 40 excluding overlaps between these chronological boundaries: a first movement for the defense of the rights of disabled children starts during the inter-war period and fades on the eve of the Second World War World. This promotion of rights has a second wind in the post-war period until the 1960s, and finally a third wave of mobilization intensifies from the 1960s to the mid-1980s.

Entre protection et mobilisation : contributions canadiennes et québécoises à l’histoire transnationale des droits des enfants handicapés (1920-1980)