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The shape that stem cells reach at the end of adhesion process influencestheir differentiation. Rearrangement of cytoskeleton and modification ofintracellular tension may activate mechanotransduction pathways controllingcell commitment. In the present study, the mechanical signals involved in celladhesion were computed in in vitro stem cells of different shapes using asingle cell model, the so-called Cytoskeleton Divided Medium (CDM) model. Inthe CDM model, the filamentous cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton networks wererepresented as a mechanical system of multiple tensile and compressiveinteractions between the nodes of a divided medium. The results showed thatintracellular tonus, focal adhesion forces as well as nuclear deformationincreased with cell spreading. The cell model was also implemented to simulatethe adhesion process of a cell that spreads on protein-coated substrate byemitting filopodia and creating new distant focal adhesion points. As a result,the cell model predicted cytoskeleton reorganisation and reinforcement duringcell spreading. The present model quantitatively computed the evolution ofcertain elements of mechanotransduction and may be a powerful tool forunderstanding cell mechanobiology and designing biomaterials with specificsurface properties to control cell adhesion and differentiation.

Computational model combined with in vitro experiments to analyse mechanotransduction during mesenchymal stem cell adhesion