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To gain some understanding as to how the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) is involved in cell proliferation and division in ovaries, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase activity and DNA content of ovarian follicles from LH-RHtreated hypophysectomized rats were measured. Six hours following LH-RH administration (0.2-200 pg/rat), DNA polymerase cc activity per ovary and the specific activity (activity per DNA content) were found to have increased significantly (P<0.01) in a dose-dependent manner. Thereafter (for 12 h following the treatment), ovarian DNA content increased significantly (P<0.01) with 20 or 200 pg of LH-RH. No significant change could be detected in the DNA polymerase ,6 activity as resulting from hormone treatment. From these results, LH-RH appears responsible for inducing DNA polymerase a activity and sequential DNA synthesis during cell proliferation in immature rat ovaries. The hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) has been reported as having receptors in granulosa, thecal and luteal cells at all stages of cellular differentiation (5), and to both directly stimulate and inhibit ovarian functions (2). However, very few studies have been performed on the effects of this hormone on DNA synthesis and cell division, and no reports are available that would demonstrate additional metabolic pathways leading to DNA replication. The authors recently showed evidence pointing to the possibility that the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) induces DNA polymerase a activity required for DNA replication (3) and DNA synthesis in immature rat ovaries (6, 7). If this is actually the case, LH-RH would likely be related in some way to the induction of ovary DNA polymerase or activity during follicle growth. In the present in vivo study, when immature hypophysectomized rats were treated subcutaneously with LH-RH, significant increases in DNA polymerase a activity or sequential DNA synthesis occurred. The authors thus consider that LH-RH induces DNA polymerase a activity prior to DNA synthesis for cellular proliferation during ovarian follicle growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS LH-RH (synthetic LH-RH, gonadorelin in hydrochloride; AY-24, 031-A-26, prepared at Ayerst Research Laboratories, Montreal, Canada) was kindly provided by Drs S. Raiti

biomedical research

&lt;b&gt;EFFECTS OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE ON INDUCTION OF DNA POLYMERASE &lt;i&gt;α &lt;/i&gt;ACTIVITY AND DNA SYNTHESIS IN HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED IMMATURE RAT &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;OVARIES &lt;/b&gt;