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Using antisera against growth hormone-releasing factor, cell bodies and axon processes were identified in the hypothalamus and the median eminence of the monkey Macaca irus. Cell bodies were located mainly in the arcuate nucleus and along the third ventricle wall, and occasionally in the ventromedial nucleus. Irnmunostained axons were also observed in the dorsolateral hypothalamus. No immunostained cell bodies were identified in the hypothalamic magnocellular nuclei (paraventricular, supraoptic and suprachiasmatic nuclei). In the median eminence, bundles offibers were present in the external layer. These cell bodies and fibers did not react with antisera against neurophysin, somatostatin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and corticotropin-releasing factor. The presence in hypothalamic extracts ofa factor that stimulates the release of pituitary growth hormone (GH) has been suspected for many years (1 l, 34; for reviews, see 1,27, 28, 32, 35,36). The nature of the substance controlling the GH release has long been the subject of discussions. In 1982 growth hormone-releasing factors (GRF) were isolated from human pancreatic tumors; these are three peptides containing respectively 44, 40 and 37 residues whose amino acid sequence is now known (12, 13, 17, 37). The largest (hpGRF|_44-NHZ), referred to as somatocrinin, is considered to be the primary form of GRF (7, 25). Rat GRF was characterized by Spiess er ai. (39), and a high molecular weight GRF was isolated by Sykes and Lowry (40) from pig hypothalamus. In human hypothalamus, two forms of GRF identical to tumor-derived GRFL44-NH; and GRFM0 were identified (6). Human GRF was recently synthetized (15, 24; for reviews, see 18, 19). Immunocytochemical localization of immunoreactive GRF-containing neurons and fibers has been reported in hypothalamus and median eminence in the human (3, 4, 8, 9, 26, 31), the monkey (2, 22), the rat (5, 20, 29, 30, 41), the guinea pig (41), the garden dormouse (14), the cat (10), the dog (14), the codfish (33). In the present work, we describe the distribution of GRF-immunoreactive structures in the monkey Macaca irus hypothalamus and median eminence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals and Preparation of Tissues Six adult male and female monkeys (Macaca irus) were used. Under Nembutal anesthesia, brains were rapidly removed and blocks containing hypothalamic region were quickly dissected. Tissue samples were fixed by immersion in Gérard’s fluid (Bouin-Hollande-sublimate without acetic acid), embedded in Paraplast, and serially sectioned (10 am thick) in the frontal plane.

biomedical research

&lt;b&gt;IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR IN THE MONKEY &lt;i&gt;(Macaca irus)&lt;/i&gt; HYPOTHALAMUS AND MEDIAN &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;EMINENCE &lt;/b&gt;