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The gastrointestinal tract of two bony fish species, the daddy sculpin (Cotrus scorpius) and the cod (Gadus callarias), was investigated immunocytochemically for the occurrence of polypeptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). In C. scorpius, PYYimmunoreactive cells were found in the cardiac portion of the stomach. Beaded PYYimmunoreactive nerve fibers were located in the muscle layers of the stomach as well as under the mucosal basement membrane of the pyloric portion of the stomach. In G. ca!larias, PYY-immunoreactivity was not detected in any part of the gut. In C. scorpius, PPimmunoreactive cells were observed in the gastric caeca and duodenum. In G. callarias, PP-immunoreactive cells were distributed widely in the stomach, gastric caeca, duodenum, ileum and colon. All the endocrine cells observed here were of the open-type. Polypeptide YY (PYY) is a candidate gut hormone isolated from the pig duodenum (I2), and consists ofa linear chain of 36 amino acids (1 l). PYY-Immunoreactivity has been shown in endocrine cells in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract in mammals (l, 3, 4, 6, 8), birds (5), reptiles and amphibians (2). However, occurrence of this polypeptide in the bony fish gut has not been examined. In this study, the gut of two species of bony fish was examined for PYY. Due to a structural similarity between PYY and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) (1 1), location of PP was also examined. Animals were captured in August at the Kristineberg Marine Biological Station at Fiskebéickskil on the Swedish west coast. They were killed by a blow on the head, and specimens were dissected out from various parts of the gut. Tissues were fixed in Bouin’s fl_uid for 24 h, and embedded in paraffin. Sections of 5 pm thick were cut. In order to detect PYYand PP-immunoreactive cells the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method (10) was used. Rabbit antiserum against porcine PYY (No. 69D; from Dr L. Terenius, Department of Pharmacology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden) and rabbit antiserum against bovine PP (BPP) (No. 615-R-110-146-6; from Dr R. E. Chance, Eli Lilly Research laboratories, Indianapolis, U.S.A.) were applied at the dilution of I : 2,500 and 1 :4,000, respectively. Characterization of these antisera has been given in detail elsewhere (3, 8). As specificity controls: l) normal rabbit serum was used as the first layer instead of the antisera; 2) the first layer antiserum was pre-incubated with I00 pg of the corresponding peptide per ml diluted antiserum for 24 h at 4°C; 3) the anti-PYY was pre-incubated with 75-100 pg per ml diluted antiserum for 24 h at 4°C with the following peptides: porcine neuropeptide Y (NPY) (from Dr K. Tatemoto, Department of Biochemistry, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden), avian PP (APP) (from Dr J. R. Kimmel, University of Kansas, Medical Center, Kansas City, U.S.A.), bovine PP (BPP) (from Dr R. E. Chance) and porcine PP (PPP) (Novo Research Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark, Lot No. PPP 79062); and 4) the anti-BPP was pre-incubated with 75-100 pg of porcine PYY and of porcine NPY for 24 h at 4°C. In Cortus scorpius a moderate number of PYY-immunoreactive cells were seen in the cardiac portion of the stomach. They were located in the deep parts of the glandular tissues and exhibited a patchy distribution in the sense that

biomedical research

&lt;b&gt;Occurrence of polypeptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in the gastrointestinal tract of the bony &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;fish &lt;/b&gt;