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The effects of alterations in thyroid hormone status on secretion of gastrin in the adult rat and dog were studied to better understand previously reported changes in gastric secretion following hypophysectomy. Administration of triiodothyronine (T3) increased serum levels of gastrin in fed rats and both basal and fed gastrin levels in dogs. In T3-treated rats, antral gastrin and somatostatin levels were reduced significantly (P<0.05), whereas gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) levels were increased. These data suggest that T3-treatment increases gastrin release by reducing antral concentrations of somatostatin and increasing antral concentrations of gastrinreleasing peptide, two peptides that are thought to participate in the regulation of gastrin secretion. Thyroidectomy significantly (P<0.05) decreased the serum gastrin response to food ingestion but did not affect basal levels ofgastrin in fasted rats. Thyroidectomy also significantly decreased serum levels of gastrin stimulated by gastrin-releasing peptide in fed rats A marked increase in the number of hypophysectomies has been reported in humans (13). In a number of species, hypophysectomy is followed by a reduction in stomach weight, gastric acid secretion, and parietal cell count and size (13). The absence of pituitary gland hormones can alter function of the stomach directly or indirectly. In fact, evidence for a direct action is given by the observation that replacement of growth hormone in hypophysectomized rats reverses a hypophysectomy-induced decrease in antral gastrin stores in rats (3). It is well known that hypophysectomy results in hypothyroidism due to a depletion of thyroid stimulating hormone. Hypogastrinemia during hypothyroidism (14) is observed in humans. It is not clear whether the pituitary or thyroid gland participates in this phenomenon observed in humans. The objective of these studies therefore, was to examine the effect of alterations in the thyroid status on secretion of gastrin in the rat and dog. Furthermore, changes in antral concentrations of somatostatin and gastrin-releasing peptide, which are thought to regulate gastrin release, were measured, to clarify their possible role on gastrin secretion. MATERIALS AND METHODS

INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE THYROID GLAND AND GASTRIN SECRETION: EFFECTS OF TRIIODOTHYRONINE AND THYROIDECTOMY