Can a Nanoparticle That Mimics Salmonella Effectively Combat Tumor Chemotherapy resistance?

Cancer is a group of conditions in which cells acquire a constellation of traits that in the course of carcinogenesis, enables them to survive, achieve sustained chronic proliferation and disseminate. To attain such unremitting subsistence, the tumor cells take advantage of complex cell biological networks that include, but are not limited to: dysregulation of growthpromoting signaling pathways; attenuation of proliferative negative-feedback mechanisms; evasion of growth suppressors; blunting of cell attachment; and circumventing the immune system. Notably, these traits are further cultivated by rampant genetic instability as highlighted by the generation of random mutations and chromosomal rearrangement. In the USA, cancer is the second leading cause of death – second only to cardiovascular disease. Sadly, and quite profoundly, this complex disease touches millions of lives, and continues to be an immense burden for public health systems and economies world-wide. Putting this into perspective, for the year 2016, the American Cancer Society has projected a total of 1,685,210 new cancer cases (the equivalent of 4600 new cancer diagnoses/day) [1], and 595,690 of cancer deaths (corresponding to 1600 deaths/day).