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With concurrency being integral to most software systems, developers combinehigh-level concurrency models in the same application to tackle each problemwith appropriate abstractions. While languages and libraries offer a wide rangeof concurrency models, debugging support for applications that combine them hasnot yet gained much attention. Record & replay aids debugging bydeterministically reproducing recorded bugs, but is typically designed for asingle concurrency model only. This paper proposes a practicalconcurrency-model-agnostic record & replay approach for multi-paradigmconcurrent programs, i.e. applications that combine concurrency models. Ourapproach traces high-level nondeterministic events by using a uniformmodel-agnostic trace format and infrastructure. This enables orderingbasedrecord & replay support for a wide range of concurrency models, and therebyenables debugging of applications that combine them. In addition, it allowslanguage implementors to add new concurrency models and reuse themodel-agnostic record & replay support. We argue that aconcurrency-model-agnostic record & replay is practical and enables advanceddebugging support for a wide range of concurrency models. The evaluation showsthat our approach is expressive and flexible enough to support record & replayof applications using threads & locks, communicating event loops, communicatingsequential processes, software transactional memory and combinations of thoseconcurrency models. For the actor model, we reach recording performancecompetitive with an optimized special-purpose record & replay solution. Theaverage recording overhead on the Savina actor benchmark suite is 10% (min. 0%,max. 23%). The performance for other concurrency models and combinationsthereof is at a similar level. We believe our concurrency-model-agnosticapproach helps developers of applications that mix and match concurrencymodels. We hope that this substrate inspires new tools and languages makingbuilding and maintaining of multi-paradigm concurrent applications simpler andsafer.

Capturing High-level Nondeterminism in Concurrent Programs for Practical Concurrency Model Agnostic Record & Replay