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An evaluation model on closed water ecosystems coupled with the benthic system was examined. The model was composed of 7 pelagic compartments (phytoplankton, zooplankton, ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, particulate organic matters and dissolved oxygen) and an elaborative sediment flux model that represents the benthic system including microalgal functions. The model showed contrasting dynamics depending on water depth regimes. 1) In the shallow lake model (2 m), benthic microalgae grew rapidly and consumed nutrients in the bottom layer. 2) In the deep lake model (4 m) in which benthic microalgae rarely grew, nutrients from the sediment triggered phytoplankton outbreaks in the pelagic layer, and the light availability to benthic microalgae was severely limited. These results suggest the importance of light attenuation associated with depth and turbidity. This model could highlight the role of benthic-pelagic couplings in closed waters.

AN EVALUATION MODEL ON CLOSED WATER ECOSYSTEMS FOR LAKES, PONDS AND BRACKISH LAGOONS