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The electric power industries have been working on development of natural energy sources such as wind, solar, small-scale hydro-electric and biomass energy in order to reduce loads on the environment. The development of small-scale hydro-electric facilities involves making use of small elevation differences available at various sites. This means that the water depth of the reservoir relative to the generator can be shallow and may induce intake vortices causing adverse effects on the generator performance by the air hammer phenomenon of the entrained air. Since the conventional method of evaluation by counting the frequency of occurrence of vortex is not adequate, the measurement method PTV(Particle Tracking Velocimetry) has been applied to obtain detailed flow features in the intake bay with the vortex-preventing devices. From experimental investigations, it can be concluded that the structure near the free surface effectively reduce the flow speed near the surface and work effectively to suppress of the intake vortex.

THE MODEL EXPERIMENT OF THE INTAKE VORTEX IN SMALL-SCALE HYDRO-ELECTRIC FACILITY BY USING THE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY