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A reservoir under investigation has very characteristic structures of density and water quality; nutrients and dissolved materials are highly concentrated in a bottom layer and water temperature is inversely stratified. A fundamental study is carried out in order to examine how thermosolutal convection is involved in producing the water quality structure and in reservoir eutrophication. A governing process is assumed as follows. Organic matters in the bed materials are reduced under anaerobic condition and dissolved into impounded water. Heavy water mass containing dissolved materials or salinity is then produced along the reservoir bed, which generates inclined plume along the reservoir bed slope. The plume transports heat and dissolved materials from shallow to deep regions along the slope. Heat and salinity are finally accumulated in the deepest region to buildup a very stable heat-salt stratification. In order to verify the assumed mechanism heat-salt convection is experimentally and numerically examined in a two-dimensional reservoir model. A buoyancy flux is imposed on the bed surface for simulating the anaerobic plume generation. The inclined plume promotes heat and mass transportation along the bed and finally produces high concentration of heat and salt complex there. The heatsalt convection is found to be much responsible in bottom water contamination in a highly eutrophic reservoir.

ACCUMULATION OF HEAT AND NUTRIENTS IN A RESERVOIR BOTTOM DUE TO HEAT-SALT CONVECTION