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Continuous observation of underflow water in close proximity to a river levee were conducted. The estimated permeability of the ground surrounding a bore hole, calculated from seepage velocities measured in the bore hole, closely matched that of the continuous observations. This series of observations confirmed that the direction of the seepage flow changes in accordance with the hydraulic gradient which is affected by the river water level. These results demonstrate that the system proposed in this study, monitoring underflow water in a bore hole near river levee, can be a viable means of monitoring the river levee leakage. This study requires further investigation from actual data from floods to verify these results.

A BASIC STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF UNDERFLOW WATER OBSERVATION NEAR A RIVER LEVEE AS A MEANS TO MONITOR LEAKAGE AT THE BASE OF THE LEVEE