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Groundwater is a very important natural water source for humankind. It is widely exploited for different purposes such as drinking water production, irrigation, and industrial usage. Nowadays, nitrate contamination in groundwater mainly in shallow aquifers has become a serious global environmental issue. Based on the literature review results, this contamination is mainly due to excessive applications of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and/or inappropriate management of livestock waste. The impact of nitrate in drinking water has received considerable attention since the 1940s, especially in the past decades. This dissertation evaluates the removal of nitrate by a novel in situ denitrification and oxidation process with injection of electrolytic hydrogen and oxygen. The dissertation consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 is a general introduction and consists of a literature review and research objectives, focused on the current situation of nitrate contamination and removals by different approaches. This chapter provides an overview of nitrate contamination in groundwater as well as health concerns related to the issue. From the literature review, two different kinds of approaches (i.e., physicochemical approach, biological approach) for removing nitrate from water are discussed. However, for physicochemical approach, besides relatively high process capabilities, the main problems were post treatment and deterioration of catalyst. Thus, a biological denitrification process has been proposed, because it is able to reduce nitrate to a nontoxic product, nitrogen gas. For heterotrophic denitrification, although the removal rate was relatively high, the secondary pollution caused by electron donors such as methanol could not be avoided. Moreover, clogging problems always occurred in aquifer because of high growth rate of heterotrophic microorganisms. In the case of autotrophic denitrification, for instance, hydrogen diffusion via hollow fiber membrane might lead to a relatively high transport efficiency, but clogging always occurred on the surface of the membrane which lead to high cleaning cost as well as difficulty in operation. Moreover, some reactors based on autotrophic denitrification processes with high removal efficiency were also developed

AN IN-SITU DENITRIFICATION AND OXIDATION PROCESS WITH INJECTION OF ELECTROLYTIC HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN