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At the beginning of 1820s, Saint-Etienne collieries were very promising, but enclosed by transportation difficulties. After the Napoleonic Wars, the new situation the (first French Industrial Revolution) led to a reorganization of collieries concessions, more favorable to an industrial exploitation. Several possibilities of new transportation system were tried, such as canals, roads and railways, to the cities along the river Rhone, where there were many industrial consumers and important ports.There are few papers and publications on the history of the first French railways, especially Saint-Etienne railways. The aim of this paper is to overview the design and construction of the first French railways by Marc Seguin. His tubular boiler of 1827 and locomotive for the heavy and hilly transportation are also discussed.

The First French Railways of Saint-Etienne (1823-1833)