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The X-ray flaw detection of austenitic stainless steel welds has been complicated by abnormal beam transmission. This phenomenon is often detected as a linear faint contrast in a radiograph which easily produces a misleading image corresponding to incomplete penetration of welds.This paper accounts for this contrast due to diffraction of X-rays transmitting through the welded zone where the anstenite crystals exhibit pronounced preferred orientation, as called columnar structure.Several evidences of diffration contrast in continuous X-rays are obtained, and it is concluded that, in general, microstructures such as coarse crystals or preferred orientations in metals are expected to have influence on the X-ray radiograph.

The Influence of Microstructure on the X-Ray Radiograph of Stainless Steel Welds