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Understanding the evolution and dynamics of the Antarctic cryosphere, from its inception during the Eocene–Oligocene transition (~33 Ma) through the significant periods of climate change during the Cenozoic, is not only of major scientific interest but also is of great importance for society. The transition from Greenhouse to Icehouse Earth conceivably was the most significant step in large-scale planetary change, impacting global sea level, albedo, and oceanographic and biotic evolution, among other changes. State-of-the-art climate models combined with paleoclimatic proxy data suggest that the main triggering mechanism for initial inception and development of the Antarctic glaciation was the decreasing levels of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. With current rising atmospheric greenhouse gases resulting in rapidly rising global temperatures, studies of polar climates, and the Antarctic cryosphere behavior in particular, are prominent on the research agenda. Drilling the Antarctic Wilkes Land margin is designed to provide a long-term record, obtained from sedimentary archives along an inshore to offshore transect, of Antarctic glaciation and its intimate relationships with global climatic and oceanographic change. Stratigraphic interpretations indicate that the Wilkes Land record will include the critical periods in Cenozoic Earth climate evolution when the cryosphere formed, likely in step-wise fashion, and subsequently evolved to assume its presentday configuration. The principal goals are 1. To obtain the timing and nature of the first arrival of ice at the Wilkes Land margin (referred to as the “onset of glaciation”) inferred to have occurred during the earliest Oligocene (Oligocene isotope event-1), 2. To obtain the nature and age of the changes in the geometry of the progradational wedge interpreted to correspond with large fluctuations in the extent of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) and possibly coinciding with the transition from a wet-based to a cold-based glacial regime (late Miocene–Pliocene?), 3. To obtain a high-resolution record of Antarctic climate variability during the late Neogene and Quaternary, and 4. To obtain an unprecedented, ultrahigh resolution (i.e., annual to decadal) Holocene record of climate variability. The Wilkes Land drilling program is designed to constrain the age, nature, and paleoenvironment of deposition of the previously only seismically inferred glacial sequences. Determining the chronostratigraphy of the Wilkes Land sediments, which

Cenozoic East Antarctic Ice Sheet Evolution from Wilkes Land Margin Sediments