English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This paper, part of an online symposium devoted to Owen Fiss's 1976 article, "Groups and the Equal Protection Clause," criticizes the article and its "group disadvantage theory" on a variety of grounds. First, I demonstrate the incoherence, inconsistency, and question-begging character of some of Fiss's foundational conceptions such as perpetual subordination, circumscribed political power, and status harm. Second, I show that black progress and political influence, even at the time Fiss was writing but more dramatically since, has refuted the empirical claims implicit in his discussion. Third, I defend the anti-discrimination principle against Fiss's attack on it, showing that the principle's individualistic-universalistic aspiration is socially sound and normatively just in its limited, temporary, and less judicialized ascription of individuals to groups, especially when compared with Fiss's theory. The criteria necessary to apply Fiss's group disadvantage theory, I show, are not only breathtakingly vague but also beg precisely the kinds of questions -- about group identity and achievement, political efficacy, inter-group competition, intra-group differentiation, the distinction between unfair practices and group-disadvantaging practices, and distributive justice -- that judges have no business answering.

Groups in a Diverse, Dynamic, Competitive, and Liberal Society: Comments on Owen Fiss's "Groups and the Equal Protection Clause"