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Multiple shoots were induced using direct organogenesis from nodal segments of 10 different genotypes of guayaba. For this an in vitro clonal propagation system combined with rapid ex vitro induction of shoots was established in order to propagate elite trees. The use of nodal segments resulted in adventitious shoots adequate for mass multiplication in less time. The in vitro response of the genotypes was evaluated using the culture media MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962), Mc (Mascarenhas) and WPM (Woody Plant Medium) supplemented with 0.1 mg·L-1 of indole acetic acid (IAA) and 0.25 mg·L-1 of benzoaminopurine (BAP). The procedure for sterilizing with sodium hypochlorite effectively prevented the contamination of the explants after the inoculation of the culture medium. The greatest percentage of shoot induction was achieved with 0.25 mg·L-1 of BAP. The nodal segments showed between 1-2 adventitious shoots per explant 15 days post-inoculation and 3-7 shoots 30 days post-inoculation. Once individualized, the shoots were used in a new mass multiplication phase in which four different substrates were tested during rooting and hardening. This methodology permitted the in vitro propagation of guayaba four weeks post-inoculation. The best results were achieved with the WPM medium that resulted in the first rooted plantlets two weeks after the transfer to the rooting substrate.

Propagación in vitro de Psidium guajaba mediante organogénesis directa a partir de segmentos nodales