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Genomics is a sub-discipline of genetics aimed at the molecular characterisation of complete genomes; this has meant that great quantity of work has been carried out over the last few years on almost all species of domestic animals for  localising chromosome regions which could affect traits having the greatest economic interest for animal production. This article reviews genomic strategies which, together with quantitative genetic methodologies, are being applied in animal improvement programs. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) detection or Economic Trait Loci (ETL) is one such strategy, the terms referring to DNA regions having a significant effect on one or several phenotypical characteristics. Incorporating the information provided by advances made in genomics into traditional improvement programs represent the beginning of a new selection approach using quantitative genetic tools, more generally known as Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS). The considerable increase in molecular information which could be used in domestic animal improvement programs is also analysed, as are those agents traditionally implicated in selection such as breeders’ associations and national or regional genetic evaluation centres which might have total or restricted access to the results of molecular genetics’ studies.

Utilización de información molecular en programas de mejoramiento animal