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The high prevalence of obesity is a global concern. However, obesity and inflammatory bowel disease have similarities in epidemiology, diet, and gut microbial dysbiosis. An omnivorous (westernized) diet replacement with a plant-based diet in inflammatory bowel disease achieved better outcomes in both the induction and quiescent phases. Educational hospitalization providing a plant-based diet was found effective in suppressing flare-up in ulcerative colitis. This case report was designed to assess whether a plant-based diet can reduce body weight in patients with obesity during educational hospitalization for a short period of two weeks. Three men with metabolic syndrome (55, 61, and 65 years old) were included in the study with body mass index ranging from 27.0 to 31.2 kg/m2 and visceral fat area between 94.7 and 128 cm2. In Japan, a body mass index of ≥25 is defined as obesity. A lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet with brown rice (1400 or 1100 kcal/day), a plant-based diet, was provided during hospitalization for around two weeks. Patients walked for about 1 h in a park daily during the hospitalization. All three patients showed weight loss: 2.9%, 6.1%, and 6.6% at discharge. A decrease in body mass index, waist circumference, and the visceral fat area was also observed. Restriction in total calories in the form of a plant-based diet and daily 1-hour walks through an educational hospitalization for two weeks effectively reduced body weight and improved obesity-related parameters. Thus, a plant-based diet could be an effective weight-loss diet.

Successful Weight Reduction in Metabolic Syndrome with a Hypocaloric Plant-Based Diet (Lacto-ovo-vegetarian Diet) with Exercise During an Educational Hospitalization: Report of Three Cases