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Over the past few years, various industries have learned that photovoltaic (PV) system fault protection must be refined to include additional fault protection that is not provided in most of the existing PV system installations. In order to implant effective efficiency over PV cells the voltages, resistance and temperature are readily analysed and displayed via Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) which is tracked by controller continuously. Fault detection in solar panels is an active research area and evolves continuously demonstrating an academic interest as well. Fault detection aims at detecting faulty and degraded solar panels as early as possible. The fault detection is based on the comparison between the measured and prediction results of the power production. The model estimates the power production using solar irradiance and PV panel temperature measurements. Prior to model development, a data analytic procedure was used to identify values irrespective of a normal PV system operation. PV system analysis was tracked continuously by Arduino. It is highly reliable and able to detect all significant mismatch faults over a certain threshold.

PERMANENT MISMATCH FAULT IDENTIFICATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS USING ARDUINO