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On behalf of the Environment Agency of Japan, which has overall responsibility within the Government of Japan for promoting research concerning global environmental problems, I would like to say just a few words at the beginning of this international workshop. First of all I would like to thank Dr. Yamaguchi and the staff concerned of the National Cancer Center Research Institute of Japan, for organizing this important and timely workshop. As is quite well known, the issue of ozone layer depletion was the first global scale environmental problem for which a truly global environmental convention was prepared and agreed upon. It was 1985 in which the Vienna Convention was adopted. This was followed by the adoption of the Montreal Protocol in 1987. Since then a series of measures have been taken to strengthen the control over substances that cause the depletion of the ozone layer. In the middle of 1980s, I was in the International Affairs Division of the Environment Agency and in charge of this matter. First I could not believe the fact that CFCs used by us on the ground were destroying the ozone layer in the stratosphere. Second I could not believe that the predicted ozone layer depletion could cause serious effects upon humans and any other living organisms. As a matter of fact, most of us may not have been able to believe what was happening to the stratospheric ozone layer and its consequences. It was the convincing evidence presented by scientists in the world that made people realize the invisible but impending danger resulted from the ozone layer depletion. This was the first case in the history of the humanity that science dictated the diplomacy. These days more attention is paid to issues concerning climate change. But the way issues are discussed and the way international agreements are worked out to cope with climate change resembles that of the ozone layer depletion. Indeed the ozone issue has been the front runner among all global environmental problems in many respects. Still I believe the issue of ozone layer depletion continues to create a new ground. Measures were taken and strengthened based upon a series of international agreements. But the Antarctic ozone hole emerged last year from September to December was the largest in history. It is expected that the ozone hole will disappear only in the middle of the next centu-

International Workshop on the Health Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation Opening Remarks