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Introducao: A pneumonia associada a ventilacao mecânica (PAV) e definida como aquela que se desenvolve 48h apos o inicio da ventilacao mecânica. O mecanismo comumente envolvido e a aspiracao para as vias aereas inferiores de secrecoes colonizadas. O diagnostico de PAV pode ser clinico ou microbiologico. A PAV prolonga o tempo de internacao e aumenta custos. Seu tratamento precoce e adequado esta associado a reducao da mortalidade. Objetivos: Tracar o perfil epidemiologico e realizar a analise clinica de pacientes diagnosticados com PAV, comparando o grupo de pacientes com diagnostico clinico e os com diagnostico microbiologico. Metodos: Foram avaliados 62 prontuarios eletronicos de pacientes diagnosticados com PAV no periodo de janeiro de 2015 a janeiro de 2017 no Hospital Escola de Itajuba (MG), de acordo com o banco de dados da Comissao de Controle de Infeccao Hospitalar. Os dados coletados incluiram: idade; sexo; presenca de febre; resultado da cultura; desfecho; causa do obito; uso de antibiotico; tempo de internacao; valores de leucocitos e proteina C-reativa (PCR). Resultados: Foram analisados 49 pacientes atraves de prontuarios eletronicos, com idade media de 60,5 anos, sendo 71,4% do sexo masculino. Quase 70,0% do total de casos de PAV teve diagnostico microbiologico definido. O agente mais envolvido foi o Acinetobacter baumannii . A mortalidade foi de 55,0%. PCR estava elevada em quase 100,0% dos casos; febre esteve presente em 45,0% dos casos e leucocitose, em 70,0%. Conclusao: A PAV e frequente em unidades de terapia intensiva. Os agentes mais prevalentes sao os gram-negativos e multirresistentes. Palavras-Chave: Pneumonia associada a ventilacao mecânica; Infeccao hospitalar; Intubacao intratraqueal ABSTRACT Introduction: Ventilation associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as one which takes place 48 hours after the onset of mechanical ventilation. The mechanism commonly involved in the etiology is the aspiration of contaminated secretions into the lower airways. VAP diagnosis may be clinical or microbiological. VAP extends the hospitalization period and therefore its cost; early and appropriate treatment of VAP is associated with an expressive decrease of mortality. Aims: To identify the epidemiological profile, to perform clinical analysis of VAP diagnosed by comparing the group of patients with clinical diagnosis and those with a microbiological diagnosis. Methods: Sixty-two electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with VAP were evaluated from January 2015 to January 2017 at a Teaching Hospital, according to the Hospital Infection Control Committee database. Data collected included: age; sex; presence of fever; culture result; outcome; cause of death; use of antibiotic; leukocyte values and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results: Forty-nine patients were analyzed using electronic medical records, with a mean age of 60.5 years, of which 71.4% were male. Almost 70.0% of the total VAP had a definite microbiological diagnosis. The most involved agent was Acinetobacter Baumannii . Mortality was 55.0%. CRP was elevated in almost 100.0% of cases; fever was present in 45.0% of cases and leukocytosis in 70.0%. Conclusion: VAP is frequent in intensive care units. The most prevalent are the gram-negative and the multiresistant agents. Keywords:  Ventilation associated pneumonia; Hospital infection; Endotracheal intubation

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Perfil epidemiológico e análise clínica de pacientes com pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em um hospital de ensino / Epidemiological profile and clinical analysis of patients with ventilation associated pneumonia in a teaching hospital