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Inflammatory responses in periodontal tissues cause breakdown of normal protein metabolism. The biochemical analysis of the protein components in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) which is exudate from periodontal tissues offers a sensitive means of determining periodontal disease activity of abutment teeth. GCF proteins were applied to the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with following conditions: (1) column: an anion exchanger, (2) starting buffer: 20 mM tris HCl pH 8.5, (3) elution buffer: 20 mM tris HCl with 1 M NaCl pH 8.5, (4) gradient of NaCl concentration: 0-0.5 M = 20 min., 0.5-1 M = 5 min., (5) flow rate: 1 ml/min.. 12-15 peaks were observed in HPLC chromatograms, they were then divided to 6 fractions and were qualitatively analysed with agarose IEF, IEP and 2 DPAGE. Determined main protein components in each peak were IgG (peak 1), transferrin and hemopexin (peak 2), C'3 and IgA (peak 3), Albumin, C'3, IgA, IgM, Haptoglobin, alpha 2-macroglobulin and alpha 1-antitrypsin (peak 4), respectively. Those protein components were thought to be closely related to periodontal inflammation. It was suggested that the activity of periodontal disease was evidenced by observation of HPLC chromatogram on GCF proteins.

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Biochemical investigation on periodontal tissue of abutment teeth. Analysis of proteins in gingival crevicular fluid by high performance liquid chromatography.