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Since the effects of bioactive glass on host defence mechanisms in the oral region are still unknown, we investigated the in vitro effects of bioactive glass on lymphocyte functions, particularly lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced responses.Spleen cells were cultured with mitogen (LPS, lipid A-associated protein or phytohemagglutinin-P) on the surface of bioactive glass and other experimental materials (Al2O3 ceramic, Hydroxyapatite, Silica glass) underlaid in a 96-well multiplate. The effects of materials on lymphocyte functions were evaluated by three parameters, i. e., mitogen induced enhancement of 3H-thymidine uptake, and LPS-induced increment of IgM producing cells and augmentation of polyclonal IgM production. Results were as follows;1. Three mitogens increased 3H-thymidine uptake by spleen cells with dose dependency. Bioactive glass reduced the mitogen-induced uptake of 3H-thymidine by spleen cells. Bioactive glass was found to be most effective in response to LPS among the three mitogens.2. Number of polyclonal IgM producing cells was increased depending upon the dose of LPS. Bioactive glass inhibited the LPS-induced increase of the number of polyclonal IgM producing cells.3. However, bioactive glass was found to enhance LPS-induced production of polyclonal IgM-antibody.These results suggest that bioactive glass, when closely cultured with lymphocytes, suppresses mitogen-induced proliferation of lymphocytes, but enhances LPS-induced production of polyclonal IgM-antibody.

The effects of bioactive glass on the immunological functions of lymphocytes.