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Over the past fi ve decades, the remarkable attributes of laser radiation have been exploited in numerous industrial and medical applications to achieve high-precision processing of materials and tissues. Many practical situations require effi cient alteration of a limited volume of material with minimum collateral effects. In general, the process throughput and quality are determined by the details of the laser-matter interaction mechanisms. These mechanisms are themselves determined by the physical and chemical properties of the targeted materials and by the characteristics of the laser emission. Careful selection of appropriate laser parameters is therefore mandatory to achieve high precision processing. In particular, the selection of the time domain characteristics of the laser emission is of prime importance in the optimization of most laser processes. In particular, pulse durations yielding thermal and inertial confi nement conditions are often required to limit collateral damages. Ubiquitous technologies, including Q-switched and mode-locked laser oscillators, allow for selecting pulse durations ranging from the femtosecond to the microsecond domains. However, only limited control over the pulse amplitude profile is possible with these technologies. As the pulse amplitude profi le directly determines the rate of laser energy deposition in the target material, different profi les in general yield different processing results for the same pulse duration (typically measured at full width, half maximum) and for the same energy. For this reason, a true optimization of the time domain characteristics of the laser pulse will consider not only the pulse duration but also the pulse shape. We term pulse format this combination of the amplitude and time characteristics of a laser pulse. New fiber laser technologies providing unprecedented control over the pulse format now offer opportunities for exploiting new processing windows that are not accessible with standard DPSS lasers. These lasers employ a different scheme to produce the laser pulses, namely a Master Oscillator Power Amplifi er (MOPA) confi guration based on a low power, amplitude-modulated seed laser followed by a series of fi ber amplifi ers. The key advantage of MOPA systems for pulse tailoring lies in their ability to control the pulse generation and the optical amplifi cation independently. Power scaling has long been a challenging issue of fi ber-based short pulse amplifi cation because of performance degradations caused by nonlinear effects showing up for high intensities in the core of singlemode optical fi bers and because of the limited extractable energy from such fi bers. Over the past fi fteen years, advanced large-mode area (LMA) fi bers and effi cient nonlinear mitigation techniques have become available to circumvent these problems. Historically, INO introduced the tailoring of nanosecond pulse formats in MOPA fi ber lasers around 1998, to produce rectangular optical pulses that were required at the output of a remote-sensing system. A few years later, the fi rst application of pulse shaping for high-precision, single pulse nanosecond laser processing of layered structures became reality when it was employed to develop high throughput memory repair systems in the microelectronic industry. Since then, the technology has evolved to provide more power, additional wavelengths, spatial beam modulation and an extended range of Special Issue

Flexible and Programmable Pulse Shaping MOPA Fiber Laser Platform, Performances and Applications