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The subfamily Capricornis (serow) is divided into two species, Capricornis sumatrensis, and Capricornis crispus. Capricornis sumatrensis (the Sumatran serow) has 11 subspecies; Capricornis crispus consists of 2 subspecies which include Capricornis crispus crispus (Temminck) (the Japanese serow) and Capricornis crispus swinhoi (Gray) (the Formosan serow). Dolan (1963) described the taxonomic relationship of the tribe Rupicaprini on the basis of morphological structures of skin and skull. Cytogenetic studies of the tribe Rupicaprini were made by some authors (Wurster and Benirschke, 1968; Gropp et al., 1970; Fischer and Hohn, 1972; Benirschke et al., 1972; Soma et al., 1980). The karyotype of Capricornis sumatrensis had a diploid number of 2n= 46 including five pairs of metacentrics and the metacentric sex chromosome, giving a Nombre Fondamental (NF)=58 (Fischer and Hohn, 1972), whereas those of Capricornis crispus crispus showed a number of 2n=50 including five pairs of metacentrics and the NF=60 (Benirschke et al., 1972). Accordingly, with regard to the difference in karyotypes between the Sumatran serow and the Japanese serow, further elucidation remains. Capricornis swinhoi (the Formosan serow) has been treated as a subspecies of the Japanese serow : The former is not only smaller than the latter in size, but also the former looks more like the goral in appearance (Figs. 1-2) . In addition, a comparison of the skull between the Japanese serow and the Formosan serow revealed a notable difference in the ratio of bone structure (Okada and Kakuta, 1970). The Formosan serow is now an endangered species in Taiwan. Until

Cytogenetic similarities between the formosan serow (Capricornis swinhoi) and the Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus).