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The purpose of this article is to determine the features of navigation of vessels in straits with extreme hydrological regime and to justify recommendations to navigators for preventing casualties and incidents in such straits. An analysis of various sources (maps, sailing directions, atlases), which contain information about the speed of tidal streams in the Pentland Firth strait, which connects the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, determined that the rate can reach 16 knots, and the normal of rate matter extremely difficult navigation in the strait. Basis of the analysis of some features of the passage of vessels through Pentland Firth amounted the results of investigation of cement carrier «Cemfjord» accident, which took place in the strait of January 2, 2015. The vessel proceeded through the strait on maximum of favourable tidal stream with a speed over ground comparable to the flow rate, while the relative speed was so small that the vessel had lost handling, spun his lag to the wave, and capsized. Analysis of the accident brought to the fore a number of well-known problems associated with the movement in similar straits and are subject to reconsideration on the background of the accident of cement carrier and its catastrophic consequences. These problems include: poor voyage planning, the neglect of the need to correct the plan when conditions of navigation are changing, the overvaluation of possibility of the ship regards its handling, commercial pressures, inadequate organization of vessel traffic in the strait. At the same time human factor is an umbrella for these problems. The lessons learned from the accident and recommendations formulated in the course of its analysis and associated with the identified features of navigation in the strait (in particular related to the constant monitoring of the speed of the vessel, providing an approach to the strait in favorable conditions) allows to prevent the very serious marine casualties vessels intending to flow through the straits with fast tidal streams.

vestnik gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rečnogo flota imeni admirala s. o. makarova/vestnik gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rečnogo flota imeni admirala s.o. makarova

SOME FEATURES OF PASSAGE STRAIT WITH FAST TIDAL STREAM (STRAIT FOR EXAMPLE - PENTLAND FIRTH)