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In this work,AISI 4340 steel samples were plasma nitrided in a mixture of 50%N2-50%H2 process gas at 470°C temperatures for different nitriding times of 1, 4 and 8 h. Prior to nitriding, the specimens were normalized at 850°C for 30 min. Nitrided samples were characterized using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and microhardness testing. The thickness of diffusion and compound layers was determined by using cross-sectional OM & SEM micrographs and microhardness profiles. Residual stresses in diffusion layers were determined using XRD gmethod. The results showed that compound layers of 4.5-7 m thick consisting of Fe4N (γ) and Fe2–3N (ε) phases are formed on samples surface. The thickness of the diffusion layer increases from 90m to 240 m with increasing plasma nitriding time. The surface and cross-sectional hardness are also increased with increasing nitriding time and the maximum surface hardness of 750 HV obtained after 8 h plasma nitriding. All samples contain compressive residual stress and the highest compressive residual stress of 260 MPa is obtained for sample nitrided.

Structural Characterization and Residual Stress of Plasma Nitrided AISI 4340 Steel.