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How do judges decide? Formal research models are developed and applied to allow the interpretation of empirical data about concrete phenomena and the explanation of these phenomena through strict rules of inference. They are used because they play the role of intersecting pure theory and methodological instruments, systematizing the information gathered and testing hypotheses related to the object of study, allowing empirical research to reach knowledge about causal relationships between several variables and factual phenomenon that is intended to understand,  in  casu , the reasons for which there is variation in court decisions. The three formal models compiled in this paper offer testable explanations of judicial behavior, instructed by variables that relate the outcome of individual or collective decisions to legal categories (legalistic), the judge's prior characteristics (attitudinal), and / or the influence of other actors. or factors external to the Court (strategic). This article systematically reviews these models, comparing their characteristics, in order to help readers to study empirically court decisions.

COMO DECIDEM OS JUÍZES? COMPARANDO OS MODELOS FORMAIS EXPLICATIVOS DO COMPORTAMENTO JUDICIAL.