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Carboxymethyl chitosan has antimicrobial activity. The solubility of carboxymethyl chitosan makes it easy to apply as a food preservative. Sausage is a processed product of meat, and it is classified as perishable food. The purpose of this study was to synthesize carboxymethyl chitosan, investigate the microbiological quality and shelf-life of homemade sausage treated with carboxymethyl chitosan. Carboxymethyl chitosan was obtained through the process of carboxymethylation of alkaline chitosan with monochloroacetic acid. Chitosan in the study was synthesized from shrimp skin. Sausages treated with carboxymethyl chitosan then measured water content, ash content, TPC (Total Plate Count) and organoleptic values for four consecutive days. The results showed that carboxymethyl chitosan could extend the shelf life of sausages both stored at room temperature or cold temperatures. Keyword: carboxymethyl chitosan, preservative, homemade sausages, TPC value, organoleptic value INTRODUCTION Food decay is mostly caused by a microbial activity which uses the food for their metabolism. Therefore, preservatives are needed to prolong shelf life. The purpose of the preservation is to inhibit or to avoid damage to the food, to keep the quality, to avoid toxicity as well as to make it easy to handle and store. Beef is one of the foodstuffs which is very susceptible to microorganism contamination because its high nutrient content is the microorganism source of food. Some processed beef products are meatballs and sausages. Sausage is one of the foods that are easily made and liked by children. Nitrite is one of the preservatives used in preserving meat to keep flavor and color, to inhibit the microbial’ growth and lipid oxidation [1]. On the other hand, nitrite can promote the formation of Nnitroso compounds (NOCs), which is carcinogenic [2]. Therefore the meat industry is currently focusing on developing nitrite alternatives [1]. Chitosan is a biopolymer which is likely to be a substitute for nitrate in preserving meat. Chitosan is produced from chitin deacetylation. Chitin is found in the shells of organisms such as crustaceans, insects, mollusks and shrimp [3]. Chitosan is biomaterials widely used because of their biocompatibility and biodegradability [4]. The presence of free amino groups along the chitosan chains enables this macromolecule to dissolve in a dilute acid solvent because protonation of these groups J. Pure App. Chem. Res., 2019, 8 (1), 96-108

Carboxymethyl Chitosan as A Homemade Sausage Preservative