Leukocytosis as The Short-Term Predictor for Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background : In daily clinical practice, the leukocyte count is the most common and simple inflammation parameter. However, its role in predicting the clinical outcomes and prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is still conflicting. Objectives : This study aimed to assess the role of leukocytosis as the predictor of mortality in ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods : This single-centre retrospective cohort study used the STEMI registry data in Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia, from January to July 2019. The predictor was the leucocyte count during hospital admission, and the outcome was the 30-day mortality following PCI procedure. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine leukocyte count cut-off point, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: The best leukocyte count cut-off value was 12300/μL, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.702 (95% CI 0.575 0.83), the sensitivity of 71.4%, and specificity of 61.3%. Leukocytosis increased the risk of 30-day mortality (74.5% vs 42.4%; OR = 3.958; 95% CI = 1.518-10.25; p = 0.014). Survival rate within 30-day after PCI was lowered in the leukocytosis group (the Log-Rank p = 0.002). The difference became apparent after day five post-PCI. Conclusion: Leukocytosis during hospital admission is associated with increased mortality in ACS patients undergoing PCI. Leucocytosis may be considered as the prominent predictor of mortality within 30 days after PCI in this population.