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One of the most striking aspects is that, using traditional methods, teachingthe concept of waves is limited to delivering lectures and performingexperimental practices and demonstrations, which provide the student withlearning that is rote, mechanical, based on memorizing and rather notsignificant, on account of its complexity. Teachers represent waves by meansof diagrams on a blackboard, eliminating their dynamic nature. Whenproducing mechanical waves with a helicoidal spring or in a bucket withwaves, the dynamic nature is demonstrated; however, the difficulty ofobtaining precise measurements of the wave parameters such as amplitude,wavelength, periodicity, the calculation of its frequency and speed ofpropagation, is discovered. Research on the complexity of the construction ofthese concepts leads us to design a didactic proposal to help the student inthe scientific construction of the concept of waves. The proposal is designedusing virtual wave models that permit visualizing the dynamic nature ofwaves, the measurement of their parameters and the interaction of thestudent with the phenomenon by showing a cause and effect relationship. For this purpose, two platforms (PhET and Newton Project) were selected,which reproduce the waves under an environment of digital micro-worldsand virtual models. The application of the didactic proposal with a group of students in middleschool produced excellent results in the construction of the concept of wavesand of undulatory phenomena. The simulations allow for the visualization andunderstanding of the physical models of natural phenomena, favoringlearning in the students’ cognitive processes.

Construcción del concepto de onda y de fenómenos ondulatorios en estudiantes de educación media, utilizando un modelo virtual