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Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Carrera-Aguirre VM, Mercado-Garcia M del C, Trujillo-Ortega ME, Mendoza-Elvira SE, Isa-Haspra P, Paulin-Paz LF, et al. Genetic changes detected in the internal genes of porcine influenza viruses isolated in Mexico. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2014;1(1). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.1.1.331 . To date, only one report has been published in Mexico detailing the genetic changes and evolutionary divergence in the so-called internal genes basic polymerase-one (PB1), basic polymerase-two (PB2), polymerase acid (PA), nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein (M), and non-structural protein (NS) of the swine influenza virus that circulated during the 2009 pandemic and in 2010. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolutionary divergence and genetic changes in these internal genes of the swine influenza virus strains isolated in Mexico in 2009-2010. To characterize the evolutionary history and the phylogenetic relationship among the isolated virus strains, a Maximum Likelihood Model Test analysis and a phylogenetic bootstrap test with 1000 replicates were performed. The phylogenetic relationships among the PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M and NS genes correspond to similar swine virus isolates reported in other countries. However, the PA gene from the A/swine/Mexico/Qro35/2010 (H1N1) virus is closely related to a H3N2-subtype human virus. The PB2, NP, and M genes of the Mexican swine influenza viruses that circulated during 2009 and 2010 maintained the distribution of the Triple Reassortant Internal Genes (TRIG). Significantly, our study demonstrates the presence of a human H3N2 virus PA gene in the A/swine/Mexico/Qro35/2010 (H1N1) virus. Figure 5. Molecular phylogenetic analysis by the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method using the K2 + G substitution model. Phylogenetic tree for the M gene of the seven viral isolates (violet diamonds) and the pandemic virus (red triangles) based on nucleotide sequences and other sequences in GenBank. The tree is drawn to scale using the same units for branch length and evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. Evolutionary distance units are in number of base substitutions per site.

Cambios genéticos en los genes internos del virus de influenza porcina aislado en México